Master Table of Contents
Year 1: Mathematical Foundations
Chapter 1: The Logic of Arithmetic & Algebra (Lessons 1-30)
- Order of Operations & The Logic of Grouping
- Signed Numbers: Addition & Subtraction on the Line
- Signed Numbers: Multiplication & The Negative Identity
- Fractions I: Equivalence & The Concept of Parts
- Fractions II: Addition & The Common Denominator
- Fractions III: Multiplication & Cross-Cancellation
- Fractions IV: Division as Reciprocal Multiplication
- Variables: Placeholders for the Unknown
- The Distributive Law: Expanding Logic
- Combining Like Terms: Mathematical Efficiency
- Translating Sentences into Equations
- The Golden Rule of Balance: Addition/Subtraction
- The Golden Rule of Balance: Multiplication/Division
- Multi-Step Equations: Unwrapping the Variable
- Variables on Both Sides: Consolidating Information
- The Ratio and Proportion: Scaling Reality
- Literal Equations: Rearranging Physical Formulas
- Introduction to Inequalities: The Concept of Range
- Compound Inequalities: Intersections & Unions
- Absolute Value Equations: Distance from Center
- Absolute Value Inequalities: Sandwich & Split Logic
- Laws of Exponents I: The Product Rule
- Laws of Exponents II: The Quotient Rule
- Zero and Negative Exponents: Inverse Logic
- Scientific Notation: Calculating the Cosmic & Atomic
- Multiplying Polynomials: The Geometry of FOIL
- Factoring I: The Greatest Common Factor
- Factoring II: Simple Trinomials
- Factoring III: The Difference of Squares
- Factoring IV: Completing the Square
Chapter 2: Advanced Algebra & Geometry (Lessons 31-60)
- The Quadratic Formula I: Derivation
- The Quadratic Formula II: Application & Roots
- Radical Expressions: Simplifying Roots
- Rationalizing Denominators: Mathematical Convention
- Radical Equations: Undoing the Root
- Fractional Exponents: The Bridge to Calculus
- The Cartesian Plane: Geometry Meets Algebra
- Slope: The Measure of Change
- Slope-Intercept Form: The Line as a Function
- Point-Slope Form: Building Lines from Data
- Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
- Systems of Equations I: Substitution
- Systems of Equations II: Elimination
- 3-Variable Systems: A Prelude to Matrices
- Function Notation: The Machine Analogy
- Domain and Range Deep-Dive
- Composite Functions: Nesting Logic
- Inverse Functions: Reversing the Process
- Exponential Growth and Decay
- Introduction to Logarithms
- Properties of Logarithms: Expansion & Compression
- The Natural Logarithm and the Constant 'e'
- Solving Logarithmic Equations
- Geometric Shapes and Perimeter
- Area Formulas and Integration Prep
- The Pythagorean Theorem: The Distance Core
- Special Right Triangles (45-45-90 and 30-60-90)
- Introduction to Trigonometric Ratios
- The Unit Circle I: Angle as Rotation
- The Unit Circle II: Sine and Cosine as Coordinates
Chapter 3: Trigonometry & Periodic Functions (Lessons 61-90)
- Tangent and Cotangent: Slope Ratios
- Secant and Cosecant: Reciprocal Identities
- Radians: The Natural Measure of Rotation
- Arc Length and Sector Area
- Graphing Sine and Cosine: The Waveform
- Amplitude and Period: Scaling the Wave
- Phase Shift: Translating Waves in Time
- Vertical Shift: The Equilibrium Point
- Fundamental Trig Identities: Pythagorean Theory
- Sum and Difference Formulas I: Sine
- Sum and Difference Formulas II: Cosine
- Double Angle Formulas: Frequency Doubling
- Half Angle Formulas: Frequency Halving
- Product-to-Sum Identities
- Sum-to-Product Identities
- Solving Trigonometric Equations I
- Solving Trigonometric Equations II: Multiple Angles
- Law of Sines: Non-Right Triangles
- Law of Cosines: The Generalized Pythagorean Theorem
- Ambiguous Case of the Law of Sines
- Polar Coordinates I: From Grid to Circle
- Polar Coordinates II: Conversion Equations
- Graphing Polar Equations: Roses and Limacons
- Harmonic Motion I: The Simple Pendulum
- Harmonic Motion II: Springs and Restoring Forces
- Damped Oscillations: The Concept of Decay
- Forced Oscillations and Resonance
- Superposition I: Adding Waves
- Superposition II: Constructive vs Destructive Interference
- Beats and Phase Velocity
Chapter 4: Complex Numbers & Infinite Series (Lessons 91-120)
- The Imaginary Unit 'i': Beyond the Real Line
- Arithmetic of Complex Numbers
- The Complex Plane: Argand Diagrams
- Modulus and Argument: Distance and Angle
- Polar Form of Complex Numbers
- De Moivre's Theorem: Powers of Complex Numbers
- Roots of Unity: Splitting the Circle
- Euler's Identity: The Most Beautiful Equation
- The Complex Exponential: e^(iθ)
- Complex Conjugation and Normalization
- Sequences: Patterns of Infinity
- Arithmetic Series: Linear Summation
- Geometric Series: Exponential Summation
- Infinite Geometric Series and Convergence
- Sigma Notation: The Language of Sums
- The Binomial Theorem: Expanding Powers
- Power Series: Functions as Polynomials
- Taylor Series I: Approximation at a Point
- Taylor Series II: Maclaurin Series of e^x
- Taylor Series III: Sin(x) and Cos(x)
- Euler's Formula via Power Series
- Hyperbolic Functions: Sinh, Cosh, Tanh
- Limits I: Approaching the Infinite
- Limits II: One-Sided Limits and Continuity
- Limits III: The Squeeze Theorem
- Infinity in Math: Horizontal Asymptotes
- L'Hôpital's Rule: Resolving Indeterminate Forms
- Introduction to Vectors in 2D
- Vector Addition and Scalar Multiplication
- Year 1 Capstone: The Mathematical Framework of Waves
Year 2: Calculus & Classical Physics
Chapter 5: Differential Calculus: Rates of Change (Lessons 121-150)
- The Derivative: Instantaneous Rate of Change
- Definition of the Derivative via Limits
- The Power Rule: Efficient Differentiation
- The Constant Multiple and Sum Rules
- Derivatives of e^x and ln(x)
- Derivatives of Sine and Cosine
- The Product Rule: Multiplying Rates
- The Quotient Rule: Dividing Rates
- The Chain Rule: Composition of Change
- Implicit Differentiation
- Higher-Order Derivatives: Acceleration
- Mean Value Theorem: Average vs Instantaneous
- Increasing and Decreasing Functions
- The First Derivative Test: Finding Extrema
- Concavity and the Second Derivative Test
- Inflection Points: Where Change Changes
- Optimization I: Maximizing Physical Efficiency
- Optimization II: The Principle of Least Time
- Related Rates I: Geometry in Motion
- Related Rates II: Expansion of Space
- Differentials and Linear Approximation
- Partial Derivatives I: Multivariable Change
- Partial Derivatives II: Chain Rule for Fields
- The Gradient Vector: Direction of Maximum Increase
- Directional Derivatives
- Divergence and Curl: Vector Calculus Intro
- Laplace's Equation and Harmonic Functions
- Velocity and Acceleration as Vector Derivatives
- Tangent Lines and Normal Lines to Curves
- The Geometric Meaning of the Differential
Chapter 6: Integral Calculus: Summation & Area (Lessons 151-180)
- The Antiderivative: Reversing the Clock
- Indefinite Integrals and the Constant C
- Riemann Sums: Area by Infinite Rectangles
- The Definite Integral: Total Accumulation
- The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Part I
- The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Part II
- U-Substitution: The Chain Rule in Reverse
- Integration by Parts: The Product Rule in Reverse
- Trigonometric Integrals: Powers of Sin and Cos
- Trigonometric Substitution: Area of a Circle
- Partial Fraction Decomposition in Integration
- Improper Integrals I: Infinite Limits
- Improper Integrals II: Discontinuous Integrands
- Numerical Integration: Simpson's Rule
- Area Between Curves
- Volumes of Revolution I: Disc Method
- Volumes of Revolution II: Shell Method
- Arc Length and Surface Area of Solids
- Work as an Integral: Force over Distance
- Center of Mass and Moments
- Double Integrals over Rectangles
- Double Integrals over General Regions
- Triple Integrals in Cartesian Space
- Integration in Polar Coordinates
- Integration in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates
- Line Integrals: Integration Along a Path
- Green's Theorem: Linking Area and Path
- Surface Integrals and Flux
- Stokes' Theorem: The Boundary of Curl
- The Divergence Theorem: Sources and Sinks
Chapter 7: Differential Equations: The Language of Nature (Lessons 181-210)
- Introduction to Differential Equations: Modeling Growth
- Classification: Order, Linearity, and Type
- Separable Differential Equations
- First-Order Linear Equations: Integrating Factors
- Exact Equations and Potential Functions
- Population Models and Logistic Growth
- Euler's Method: Numerical Solutions
- Second-Order Homogeneous Linear Equations
- The Characteristic Equation and Real Roots
- Complex Roots and Oscillatory Motion
- Repeated Roots and Critical Damping
- Non-Homogeneous Equations: Undetermined Coefficients
- Variation of Parameters: A General Method
- Mechanical Vibrations: The Spring-Mass Model
- RLC Circuits: Electrical Analogs of Motion
- The Laplace Transform I: Definition
- The Laplace Transform II: Solving Initial Value Problems
- Step Functions and Dirac Delta Impulse
- Systems of Linear Differential Equations
- Phase Portraits and Stability Analysis
- Power Series Solutions Near Ordinary Points
- Legendre Polynomials: Symmetry in Spheres
- Bessel Functions: Waves in Cylinders
- Introduction to Partial Differential Equations (PDEs)
- Separation of Variables for the Heat Equation
- The Wave Equation I: Strings and Sound
- Fourier Series I: Periodic Function Decomposition
- Fourier Series II: Orthogonality and Coefficients
- The Fourier Transform: From Time to Frequency
- Uncertainty in Fourier Analysis: Bandwidth vs Duration
Chapter 8: Analytical Mechanics: Hamiltonian & Lagrangian (Lessons 211-240)
- Newton's Laws: The Differential Form
- Work-Energy Theorem Revisited
- Conservative Forces and Potential Energy Wells
- Central Forces and Planetary Motion
- Generalized Coordinates: Breaking Free from X-Y
- The Principle of Least Action
- The Calculus of Variations: Euler-Lagrange Equation
- The Lagrangian (L = T - V)
- Solving the Pendulum via Lagrangian Mechanics
- Symmetry and Conservation: Noether's Theorem
- Cyclic Coordinates and Conserved Momentum
- Generalized Momentum and Conjugate Variables
- The Hamiltonian (H = T + V)
- Hamilton's Equations of Motion
- Phase Space: The State of a System
- Poisson Brackets: A Prelude to Commutators
- Canonical Transformations
- The Hamilton-Jacobi Equation
- Rigid Body Rotation and Inertia Tensors
- Normal Modes: Coupled Oscillators
- The Failure of Classical Mechanics I: Blackbody Radiation
- The Failure of Classical Mechanics II: Photoelectric Effect
- The Failure of Classical Mechanics III: Atomic Spectra
- Einstein and the Quantization of Light
- The Bohr Model of the Atom
- De Broglie's Hypothesis: Matter Waves
- Wave-Particle Duality: The Double Slit Experiment
- The Davisson-Germer Experiment: Electron Diffraction
- Phase Velocity vs Group Velocity in Matter Waves
- Year 2 Capstone: The End of Determinism
Year 3: Quantum Mechanics
Chapter 9: Linear Algebra I: Vectors & Spaces (Lessons 241-264)
- Vector Spaces: The Rules of the Game
- Linear Independence and Span
- Basis Sets: Defining a Coordinate System
- Change of Basis: Viewing Reality from a New Angle
- Inner Product Spaces: Defining Length and Angle
- Orthogonality and Orthonormal Bases
- Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization
- Completeness and Hilbert Spaces
- Introduction to Matrices as Transformations
- Matrix Multiplication and Composition
- The Determinant: Scaling Factor of Space
- Matrix Inversion and the Identity
- Transpose and Adjoint: Reversing the Map
- Unitary Matrices: Preserving the Probabilities
- Hermitian Matrices: Real Observables
- Trace and Rank: Invariants of Space
- Dirac Notation I: Bras and Kets
- Dirac Notation II: Inner and Outer Products
- Operators as Matrices in Hilbert Space
- Projectors and Identity Resolution
- Tensors and Product Spaces
- Continuous Bases: From Sums to Integrals
- Delta Function Normalization
- Coordinate vs Momentum Representations
Chapter 10: Linear Algebra II: Operators & Eigenvalues (Lessons 265-288)
- The Eigenvalue Problem: Finding Invariant Directions
- The Characteristic Equation Revisited
- Diagonalization of Matrices
- Spectral Theorem for Hermitian Operators
- Functions of Operators
- Commutators: When Order Matters
- Simultaneous Eigenstates and Compatibility
- The Position Operator and its Eigenstates
- The Momentum Operator in Position Space
- Fundamental Commutation Relation [x, p]
- The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Derivation
- Minimum Uncertainty Wavepackets
- Expectation Values: The Average of Reality
- Variance and Standard Deviation in Quantum States
- Time Evolution and the Hamiltonian Operator
- Unitary Evolution Operators
- Ehrenfest's Theorem: Quantum to Classical Bridge
- The Virial Theorem in Quantum Mechanics
- Symmetries and Conservation Laws (Quantum Noether)
- Translation and Rotation Operators
- Parity and Reflection Symmetry
- Time Reversal Symmetry
- Degeneracy: Multiple States, Same Energy
- The Density Matrix: Mixed States
Chapter 11: The Schrödinger Equation (Lessons 289-312)
- The Wavefunction: Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
- Born's Rule: Probability Interpretation
- Normalization of the Wavefunction
- Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE)
- Separation of Variables: Time and Space
- Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation (TISE)
- Stationary States and Energy Eigenvalues
- General Solution as a Superposition
- Probability Current and Continuity Equation
- Boundary Conditions for the Wavefunction
- The Free Particle: Wave Packets and Dispersion
- Phase Velocity vs Group Velocity Revisited
- The Gaussian Wave Packet
- Spreading of the Wave Packet over Time
- The Infinite Square Well: Particle in a Box
- Energy Quantization and Nodes
- Orthogonality of the Square Well States
- Expansion in Infinite Well Eigenstates
- The Finite Square Well: Bound States
- Transcendental Equations for Energy
- Scattering States and Transmission
- Quantum Tunneling I: Potential Barriers
- Quantum Tunneling II: The Transmission Coefficient
- Applications: Scanning Tunneling Microscope
Chapter 12: One-Dimensional Systems (Lessons 313-330)
- The Delta Function Potential Well
- Bound States of the Delta Potential
- Scattering from a Delta Barrier
- The Step Potential: Reflection and Transmission
- Quantum Paradox: Total Reflection
- Periodic Potentials and Bloch's Theorem
- The Kronig-Penney Model: Energy Bands
- Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors
- The Harmonic Oscillator I: The Potential Well
- Solving the Oscillator via Power Series
- Hermite Polynomials
- Ground State and Zero-Point Energy
- The Algebraic Method: Ladder Operators
- Raising and Lowering the Energy
- Coherent States: The Most Classical Quantum States
- Numerical Solutions: The Shooting Method
- The WKB Approximation I: Semiclassical Limit
- The WKB Approximation II: Tunneling Rates
Chapter 13: The Harmonic Oscillator & Symmetry (Lessons 331-342)
- 3D Schrödinger Equation in Cartesian Coordinates
- Separation of Variables in 3D
- Central Potentials and Spherical Symmetry
- The Angular Equation: Spherical Harmonics
- Orbital Angular Momentum Operators L^2 and Lz
- Eigenvalues of Angular Momentum
- The Radial Equation and Effective Potential
- The Hydrogen Atom I: The Coulomb Potential
- Solving the Radial Equation for Hydrogen
- Laguerre Polynomials and Energy Levels
- Quantum Numbers: n, l, m
- Probability Clouds and Orbitals
Chapter 14: Hydrogen Atom & Angular Momentum (Lessons 343-354)
- Spin I: The Stern-Gerlach Experiment
- Spin 1/2 and Pauli Matrices
- Spinors and Rotation in Spin Space
- Addition of Angular Momentum
- Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients
- Fine Structure of Hydrogen
- Spin-Orbit Coupling
- The Zeeman Effect: Atoms in Magnetic Fields
- Identical Particles: Bosons and Fermions
- The Pauli Exclusion Principle
- The Helium Atom and Exchange Energy
- The Periodic Table from First Principles